Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on immune responses in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino.
Xue J, Xu Y, Jin L, Liu G, Sun Y, Li S, Zhang J.
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation was formulated from orange peel (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida), astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge), pilose asiabell root (Radix codonopsis), indigowoad root (Radix isatidis), taraxacum (Herba taraxaci) and malt (Fructus Hordei Germinatus) at a weight ratio of 1:1:1.5:1.5:1.5:1.5:2. A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effects of TCM, Chinese medicine for fatique on innate immunity of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Artificial diets containing 1%, 3%, 5% TCM preparation, 1% hawthorn or 1% astragalus, respectively, were fed to juvenile abalone (initial weight 10.38+/-2.51g; initial shell length 44.15+/-4.15mm) for 80 days. A TCM-free diet was used as a control. Each diet was fed to three replicate groups of abalone using a randomized design. The results indicated that phagocytic activity was significantly higher in abalone fed 3%, 5% TCM preparation, 1% astragalus or 1% hawthorn (P<0.05). Respiratory burst activity was significantly higher in abalone fed 1%, 3%, 5% TCM preparation, 1% astragalus or 1% hawthorn (P<0.05). Agglutination titre was significantly higher in abalone fed 5% TCM preparation (P<0.05). Weight gain ratio (WGR), daily increment in shell length (DISL), total haemocyte count (THC), plasma protein concentration, and the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) were not significantly affected by the TCM preparation (P>0.05) Chinese medicine for fatique. These results indicate that TCM preparation can modulate the immunity of H. discus hannai, and it is very possible that TCM might be used as immunostimulants in abalone farming.

Autoantibody Profiling of Chinese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis Using Immunoproteomic Analysis.
Xia Q, Lu F, Yan HP, Wang HX, Feng X, Zhao Y, Liu BY, Wang J, Li P, Xue Y, Hu MR, Qian L, Guo N, Yang SC, Li MY, Ma YF, Li BA, Zhang XM, Shen BF.
Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiping Road 27, Beijing 100850, China, Central Laboratory, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100069, China, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Taiping Road 27, Beijing 100850, China, Department of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, West China Medical Center of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, and Center of Clinical Laboratory, 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
In the present study, immunoproteomic analysis was utilized to systemically characterize global autoantibody profiles in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Sera from 21 patients with AIH and 15 healthy controls were analyzed for the antibody reactivity against the protein antigens of HepG2, a human hepatoma cell line. The lysates of HepG2 cells were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and then immunoblotted with each serum sample. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry or/and nanoelectrospray ionization MS/MS were then used to identify antigens, among which a bifunctional enzyme in mitochondrial, fumarate hydratase (FH), was further analyzed by ELISA using recombinant FH as a coating antigen. A total of 18 immunoreactive spots were identified as 13 proteins, 8 of which have not been reported in AIH. Immune reactivity to FH was detected in 66.67% of patients with AIH, 19.35% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 12.31% of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 6.35% of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), 11.32% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 3.57% of normal individuals. The differences of prevalence between AIH patients and healthy controls as well as other diseases were of statistical significance ( P < 0.001). These data demonstrate the serological heterogeneity in AIH and suggest the diversity of the mechanisms underlying AIH. FH, recognized mainly in AIH rather than in viral hepatitis and other autoimmune diseases, may have utility in improved diagnosis of AIH.

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